Scientists study breeding of pet fish to help protect reefs, fuel Florida’s economy

Florida's pet fish industry is thriving, but many saltwater species in home aquariums are still taken from the wild. Researchers at UF/IFAS aim to change this by helping fish farmers breed popular species like clownfish and blue tangs. This approach reduces pressure on reefs, supports conservation, and boosts the state's aquaculture industry. According to UF/IFAS experts, sustainable aquaculture provides healthier fish for the trade while creating jobs and protecting marine ecosystems.

UF/IFAS researchers have successfully bred fragile species like blue tangs and copperband butterfly fish and are working to expand aquaculture for more valuable species. Their goal is to develop breeding methods that support conservation and create economic opportunities for fish farmers. The U.S. ornamental fish market was valued at $1.68 billion in 2024, with Florida contributing $172 million. By 2030, the market is projected to reach $2.83 billion, highlighting the growing demand for sustainable aquaculture.

Marine ornamental fish are in high demand, with U.S. market growth expected to rise at 10.5% annually from 2025 to 2030. Hobbyists and commercial aquariums seek species like clownfish, hogfish, flame hawkfish, and magnificent fire fish. UF/IFAS has successfully bred some of these, including blue tangs, a major milestone due to their popularity. Their clownfish research is especially significant, given the demand for rare colors and patterns. Two UF/IFAS research groups in Tampa and Fort Pierce were the first to breed blue tangs in captivity, marking a breakthrough in marine aquaculture.

Breeding saltwater fish like the blue tang is challenging due to their unique food and environmental needs. Marine fish require live zooplankton, such as sea monkeys, which are difficult to grow. Researchers at UF/IFAS had to determine the right size and type of zooplankton to feed fish larvae at specific stages. This process is labor- and cost-intensive, but essential for creating a successful breeding blueprint. UF/IFAS's success is attributed to collaboration with Rising Tide Conservation and the SeaWorld Conservation Fund, which support marine ornamental aquaculture research and bring together universities, private industry, and commercial aquariums. Head to Meredith Bauer’s article to learn more https://news.ufl.edu/2025/02/pet-fish-breeding-research/